The effects of PKU on an infant's development depend significantly on what factor?

The effects of phenylketonuria (PKU) on an infant's development are highly contingent upon adherence to a corrective diet that is instituted early in life. PKU is a genetic disorder that impedes the body's ability to metabolize phenylalanine, an amino acid found in many protein-containing foods. If left untreated, this accumulation can lead to severe cognitive impairment and other developmental issues.

When a strict low-phenylalanine diet is established shortly after birth, it can significantly mitigate the detrimental effects of PKU, allowing for normal development and cognitive function. Early intervention is critical; the window for effective dietary management is crucial during infancy and early childhood, which underscores how adherence to this corrective diet directly impacts outcomes for children with PKU.

In contrast, while genetic predisposition, environmental influences, and maternal health can play roles in overall development, they do not specifically address the unique requirements and interventions necessary for managing PKU effectively. Thus, the emphasis on consistent dietary management becomes the defining factor in influencing an infant's developmental trajectory in the context of PKU.