Which statement is true regarding caput succedaneum in newborns?

Caput succedaneum is characterized by swelling in a newborn's head, typically resulting from the pressure exerted during delivery, especially in a prolonged labor or the use of delivery instruments. This swelling is subcutaneous and can consist of serum and blood, which leads to the edematous appearance of the area.

This condition occurs as the soft tissues of the baby's head are compressed as they pass through the birth canal, which can cause leakage of fluid into those tissues, leading to the characteristic swelling. Over time, caput succedaneum usually resolves on its own without the need for medical intervention.

The other statements do not accurately describe caput succedaneum. For instance, it is not a brain injury or related to any congenital heart defects or bone fractures. Understanding these distinctions is crucial for recognizing the implications of this common occurrence in newborns after delivery.